SainTis

PEMBUKTIAN HADIS RASULULLAH BERKENAAN SAYAP LALAT BERACUN & BERPENAWAR [MAKALAH 1]

2012-01-31T17:15:00.000+08:00

PAGI hari. Anda menghadap segelas teh tarik dan sekeping roti canai. Tiba-tiba seekor lalat jatuh ke dalam cawan minuman anda. Apakah anda akan meminum airnya? Anda mungkin tidak meminumnya kerana jijik dengan lalat tersebut. Pada hal dari segi saintifik air itu selamat diminum setelah lalat direndam seluruhnya di dalam air kemudian dibuang. Lalat yang biasa kita temui dan dibincangkan di sini merujuk kepada lalat rumah.

Definisi

Nama saintifik lalat rumah ialah Musca Domestica. Pengelasan lalat rumah menurut ilmu zoologi diletakkan di dalam order serangga yang dipanggil Diptera, iaitu serangga bersayap dua. Lalat mempunyai enam kaki dan badan bersegmen meliputi kepala, toraks, dan abdomen.

Kitar hidup.

Seekor lalat rumah (selepas ini hanya disebut lalat) melalui empat peringkat untuk mencapai kitar hidup yang sempurna. Perkembangannya bermula daripada telur, larva, pupa dan lalat dewasa. Satu kitaran lengkap mengambil masa di antara tujuh hingga sepuluh hari di bawah keadaan mantap. Masa ini dipengaruhi oleh kelembapan, ketahanan telur, suhu dan cahaya. Seekor lalat betina mampu bertelur sebanyak 2700 biji telur dan biasanya dalam kelompok-kelompok yang berbeza. Setiap kelompok mengandungi antara 350 hingga 900 biji telur.

Telur yang matang selepas enam jam ditingkalkan dan akan berkembang di dalam kepompong sehingga berukar menjadi lalat dewasa. Pada tempat yang lembap, larva boleh mendaki ke tempat yang lebih tinggi daripada permukaan kawasan telur ditinggalkan. Dalam satu kajian kes, terdapat larva yang berjalan sehingga 150 kaki daripada kawasan pembenihan. Larva kemudian bertukar menjadi pupa yang dilindungi kepompong dan membesar dalam masa tiga hingga enam hari. Lalat dewasa kemudian keluar dan akan bertelur selepas sebulan. Jangka hayat seekor lalat pula di antara satu dan dua bulan pada musim panas.

Cara Makan.

Lalat tidak menggigit tetapi menyedut zat makanan seperti nyamuk dengan menggunakan belalai. Sebelum makan, lalat merembeskan saliva untuk melembutkan makanan. Hasil tindak balas kimia di antara saliva ke atas makanan menjadikannya bertukar dalam bentuk cecair, kemudian disedut. Lalat mempunyai lidah berbentuk penyedut (straw).

Lalat dari sudut pandang Islam.

Pada asasnya, lalat amat bahaya kepada kesihatan manusia dan haiwan kerana menjadi vektor yang membawa dan menyebar organisma berpenyakit. Bakteria dibawa di luar permukaan badannya. Apabila hinggap di atas makanan, lalat juga meninggalkan tahi yang akan menyebabkan keracunan.

Kisah lalat diceritakan dalam hadis nabi Muhammad S.A.W, pada suatu hari nabi bersabda yang bermaksud, “jika seekor lalat jatuh ke dalam minuman kamu, rejamkannya ke dalam air. Satu sayapnya mengandungi racun manakala satu sayap lagi mengandungi penawar.” (Hadis riwayat Bukhari, bilangan 537, jilid 4). Perkara yang sama dicatatkan juga dalam hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh imam Ahmad, Abu Daud, at-Tahawi, Said bin Khalid dan Thumamah ibn Abdullah ibn Anas.

Shah Wali Allah Ad-Dahlawi mengatakan di dalam kitabnya Hujjatullaahu al-Baalighah bahawa hadis ini menunjukkan Allah bebas memberikan setiap spesies yang beracun sistem imuniti atau penawar. Hal ini agar dapat memastikan kelangsungan hidup speasis tersebut. Racun pada lalat merupakan alat untuk mempertahankan dirinya sendiri daripada serangan musuh. Manakala penawar pula disediakan untuk memastikan keselamatan makhluk lain yang dicemari racunnya. Hukum timbal balik ini samalah seperti tindak balas di antara bes dan asid yang meneutralkan anatara satu sama lain.

Lalat dilengkapkan penciptaannya oleh Allah dengan kandungan penawar pada sayap sebelah kanan dan racun di sayap kiri. Apabila merasa terancam, seperti kakinya terlekat di dalam air mekanisma pertahanan diri akan bertindak secara spontan. Sayap sebelah kiri dikepak mencecah air agar racun yang dimiliki berupaya menewaskan musuh. Namun begitu, biasanya air yang melekat pada sayapnya tidak mampu memberi kekuatan kepadanya untuk terus terbang. Ketika itu, sayap sebelah kanannya masih lagi tidak mencecah air. Justeru kitalah yang terpaksa menyelamkan lalat ke dalam air bagi memastikan racun yang terserak dineutralkan semula.

Dr. Gyath Hassan Al-Ahmad di dalam bukunya At-Tibb An-Nabawi fi Daw Al-‘Ilm Al-Hadith (Perubatan Kenabian dalam Sains Moden) melaporkan bahawa Dr. Nabih Da’ish menjalankan eksperimen di Universiti Raja Abdul Aziz, Riyadh. Dr. Nabih menyediakan sampel sepuluh kultur bakteria daripada air steril yang dimasuki lalat tanpa menyelamkan lalat. Sepuluh sampel yang ditenggelamkan lalat sekali, dua dan tiga kali masing-masing. Kemudian kesemua 40 sampel diperhatikan kandungan bakteria. Hasilnya, beliau mendapati koloni bakteria berkurang apabila jumlah selaman meningkat. Air yang tidak diselam lalat mengandungi paling banyak bakteria, manakala air yang diselam lalat sebanyak tiga kali mengandungi bilangan bakteria paling sedikit.

Selain itu, sekumpulan penyelidik yang diketuai oleh Dr. Jamaal Haamid dari Jabatan Mikrobiologi Perubatan, College of Science Qassim University menjalankan kajian penentuan jenis bakteria yang terdapat pada sayap lalat. Beberapa spesies lalat diambil untuk kajian. Dua piring petri diletakkan air steril, seekor lalat dijatuhkan dalam piring kedua (2) tanpa menenggelamkannya. Sebaliknya seekor lagi lalat dijatuhkan dan ditenggelamkan sepenuhnya dalam piring pertama (1). Hasil kajian tersebut telah mendapati lalat yang dikaji mempunyai bakteria E. Coli sp. (baca 'e-kolai') yang diperoleh dalam piring petri kedua (2) iaitu lalat yang tidak ditenggelamkan sepenuhnya di dalam air. Manakala dalam piring petri pertama (1) iaitu piring yang terdapat lalat yang ditenggelamkan sepenuhnya di dalam air, wujud sejenis antibiotik Aktinomiesis (Actinomycis) diekstrak. Antibiotik ini merupakan antigen dalam sistem imun yang memusnahkan fungsi bakteria yang bertindak selaku patogen. Lihat gambarajah seperti di bawah, C mewakili jenis lalat yang tidak dinyatakan. Sila rujuk rencana kedua selepas ini.

Penemuan yang menarik ini menentusahkan kehadiran racun dan penawar yang terdapat pada kedua-dua sayap lalat. Kajian oleh kumpulan Dr. Jamaal juga mengambil kira speasis lalat selain lalat rumah. Keputusan menujukkan walau pun jenis bakteria yang dimiliki berbeza, jenis antibiotik tetap sama. Antara jenis bakteria yang diperoleh dalam kajian ini termasuklah Staphylococcus sp.,Salmonellas sp., Proteus sp., dan Coynibacterium Dephheroid.

Perkembangan teknologi perubatan akhirnya menggerakkan saintis sama ada Islam atau Barat untuk mengkaji kesahihan hadis rasulullah S.A.W ini. Dua penemuan sains yang dijalankan oleh saintis Islam mengesahkan kebenaran hadis nabi Muhammad S.A.W. Kita selaku orang yang beriman kepada kerasulan nabi Muhammad harus merasa takjub, lantas meningkatkan lagi keyakinan kita terhadap ajaran yang dibawa oleh baginda. Perkara ini sekurang-kurangnya menjadi hujah kepada orang yang beriman bagi menolak tohmahan kononnya nabi seorang ahli sihir atau seorang yang pandai mereka-reka perkara yang tidak pasti.

Bagaimana nabi Muhammad S.A.W mengetahui perkara ini sedangkan pada waktu itu belum ada teknologi yang canggih untuk mengesahkan kesahihan hadis baginda? Hal ini tidak lain melainkan nabi Muhammad S.A.W mendapat ilham daripada Allah secara langsung. Sesuailah dengan sifat baginda apabila bercakap. Allah menegaskan di dalam ayat 3 dan 4 surah an-Najm, mafhumnya;

“Dan dia (Muhammad) tidak bercakap mengikut hawa nafsunya. Melainkan apa yang diwahikan oleh pemberi wahyu (Allah)”

Glosari

Antigen – Antibodi yang menjadi agen perencat kepada keaktifan virus dan bakteria yang menyerang sistem tubuh.
Patogen – Bendasing yang hadir dalam bentuk bakteria atau virus yang mengganggu sistem pertahanan tubuh.
Kultur – proses pembiakan bakteria yang digunakan dalam bidang biokimia, bioteknologi dan perubatan.
Steril – bebas daripada sebarang bakteria atau bendasing.

Sumber: alongpunyablog.blogspot.com/2011/04/keajaiban-lalat-rumah.html

PEMBUKTIAN HADIS RASULULLAH BERKENAAN SAYAP LALAT BERACUN & BERPENAWAR [MAKALAH 2]

2012-01-31T17:13:00.000+08:00

"Khalid bin Makhlid menceritakan kepada kami, Sulaiman bin Bilal menceritakan kepada kami, beliau berkata: 'Utsbah bin Muslim bercerita kepadaku bahawa beliau berkata:' Ubaid bin Hunain mengkhabarkan kepadaku bahawa beliau berkata: Aku mendengar Abu Hurairah Radhiyallahu 'anhu berkata: Rasulullah SAW bersabda:

"Apabila seekor lalat jatuh ke dalam gelas salah seorang daripada kamu, maka celupkanlah lalat itu lalu angkatlah (buanglah) ia kerana pada salah satu sayapnya terdapat penyakit dan pada sayap satunya lagi terdapat pula penawarnya."

Ramai yang menolak dan mengingkari hadis ini dengan alasan menyalahi realiti dan ilmu perubatan. Benarkah sedemikian?

Kepada para penafian hadîs berkenaan kes lalat ini, artikel ini merupakan sebuah bukti bagaimana kebenaran Nabi Allah Muhammad SAW, dan bagaimana mukjizat beliau akhirnya terkuak oleh ilmu sains dan pengetahuan moden pada zaman sekarang.

Sebuah kajian yang dilakukan oleh pasukan penyelidik Jabatan Mikrobiologi Perubatan, Fakulti Sains, Universiti Qashim, Kerajaan Arab Saudi bersama beberapa penyelidik muda yang terdiri daripada:

Sami Ibrâhîm at-Tailî
'Dil' Abdurrahman al-Misnid
Khâlid Dza'âr al-Utaibi

Yang dibimbing oleh Dr. Jamal Hamid, dan dikoordinasi oleh DR.Shâlih ash-Shâlih (seorang da'i terkenal di Eropah), telah melakukan kajian berkenaan analisa mikrobiologi tentang sayap lalat. Laporan ini telah mereka presentasikan ke dalam "Student Research Seminar" di Universiti Qashim, KSA.

Kaedah yang mereka gunakan adalah cukup mudah, iaitu dengan mengkultivasi (menumbuhkan) air steril yang telah dicelupi oleh lalat ke media Agar [media yang berasal daripada musilaginosa kering yang diekstrak dari ganggang mereh, yang mencari pada suhu 100 ° C dan menjadi padat pada suhu 40 ° C yang tidak boleh dicerna oleh mikrob] lalu mereka mula mengenalpasti mikrob apakah yang wujud di dalam air yang telah dicelupkan dengan lalat berkenaan.

Terdapat beberapa spesis alat yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini, dan sampel yang digunakan untuk setiap spesis lalat tersebut terdiri daripada dua sampel, iaitu:

Sampel air steril di mana lalat dimasukkan sehingga hanya pada bahagian sayap lalat sahaja.
Sampel air steril yang dimasukkan lalat yang dicelup keseluruhan tubuhnya. Semua ini dilakukan secara aseptis (bebas mikrob) di bilik khas, untuk menghindarkan terjadinya pencemaran luar yang akan menjadikan hasil kajian menjadi tidak jitu.

Setelah itu, sampel air tersebut akan dikultivasi ke media Agar dan diinkubasi selama beberapa hari sehingga kultur (pembiakan) mikrob mula wujud dan tampak secara jelas. Hasil kultur mikrob tersebut akan dikenalpasti untuk mengetahui jenis mikrob berkenaan. Berikut ini adalah hasil kajiannya:

Spesies Lalat A

Cawan Petri 1:

Sampel kultur air yang diambil dari sebuah tabung yang berisi air steril yang dicelupkan lalat secara sempurna (seluruh tubuhnya tenggelam ke dalam air).

Cawan Petri 2:

Sampel kultur air yang diambil dari sebuah tabung yang berisi air steril yang dijatuhkan seekor lalat ke dalamnya tanpa menenggelamkan tubuhnya ke dalam air.

Hasil Penelitian:

Pada cawan petri 2, setelah dikenalpasti ternyata media ditumbuhi oleh koloni bakteria patogen jenis E. Coli, yang merupakan penyebab kepada pelbagai penyakit. Sementara pada cawan 1, pada mulanya kelihatan terdapat pertumbuhan koloni kecil jenis E. Coli, namun pertumbuhannya telah dibantutkan oleh sejenis mikro organisme yang setelah dikenalpasti ia merupakan bakteria Actinomyces yang dapat menghasilkan antibiotik. Bakteria ini biasanya menghasilkan antibiotik yang boleh diekstrak iaitu actinomycetin dan actinomycin yang berfungsi melisiskan bakteria dan bersifat antibakteria dan antifungi.

Spesies Lalat B

Cawan Petri 1:

Sampel kultur air yang diambil dari sebuah tabung yang berisi air steril yang dicelupkan lalat secara sempurna (seluruh tubuhnya tenggelam ke dalam air).

Cawan Petri 2:

Sampel kultur air yang diambil dari sebuah tabung yang berisi air steril yang dijatuhkan seekor lalat ke dalamnya tanpa menenggelamkan tubuhnya ke dalam air.

Hasil Penelitian:

Pada cawan petri 2, setelah dikenalpasti ternyata media ditumbuhi oleh koloni bakteria patogen jenis Coynobacterium dephteroid, yang merupakan penyebab kepada pelbagai penyakit. Sementara pada cawan 1, didapati juga telah ditumbuhi sejenis mikro organisme yang setelah dikenalpasti ia merupakan bakteria Actinomyces yang menghasilkan antibiotik. Bakteria ini biasanya menghasilkan antibiotic yang dapat diekstrak, iaitu actinomycetin dan actinomycin yang berfungsi untuk melisiskan bakteria dan bersifat antibakteria dan antifungi.

Spesies Lalat C

Cawan Petri 1:

Sampel kultur air yang diambil dari sebuah tabung yang berisi air steril yang dicelupkan lalat secara sempurna (seluruh tubuhnya tenggelam ke dalam air).

Cawan Petri 2:

Sampel kultur air yang diambil dari sebuah tabung yang berisi air steril yang dijatuhkan seekor lalat ke dalamnya tanpa menenggelamkan tubuhnya ke dalam air.

Hasil Penelitian:

Pada cawan petri 2, setelah diselidiki ternyata media ditumbuhi oleh koloni bakteria patogen jenis Staphylococcus sp, yang merupakan penyebab kepada pelbagai penyakit. Sementara pada cawan 1, telah didapati ditumbuhi oleh sejenis mikroorganisme yang dikenalpasti sebagai bakteria Actinomyces yang mampu menghasilkan antibiotik. Bakteria ini biasanya menghasilkan antibiotik yang boleh diekstrak, iaitu actinomycetin dan actinomycin yang berfungsi melisiskan bakteria dan bersifat antibakteria dan antifungi.

Keputusan yang serupa juga diperolehi untuk jenis lalat lainnya yang banyak mengandungi bakteria patogen Salmonella sp. dan Proteus sp. yang kemudian dibantutkan pembiakkannya oleh kehadiran mikro organisme Actinomyces.

Kesimpulan:

Kemasukan lalat pada air minuman kemudian ia dicelup sehingga tenggelamnya tubuh lalat tersebut ke dalam air ternyata memberikan hasil yang berbeza yang secara signifikannya, kajian ini telahpun membenarkan apa yang disabdakan oleh Rasulullah SAW, bahawa pada sayap lalat itu terdapat penyakit dan juga penawarnya.

Subhanallah, 14 abad yang lalu, seseorang boleh memberikan maklumat seperti ini tanpa ada penyelidikan. Masihkah ada yang cuba menafikan kerasulan Baginda??

Maha benar Allah dan Maha benar Rasulullah SAW yang menjadi penyampai wahyu-Nya.

Sumber: answering.wordpress.com/2011/02/06/sebuah-eksperimen-tentang-keajaiban-hadits-lalat/

An introduction to Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)

2012-01-10T16:13:00.000+08:00

What is CAM?

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a term used to describe a wide range of healing systems that are not considered part of mainstream or conventional Western medicine. The goal of conventional medicine is to find the physical source of a particular disease and then treat it. For example, if a person has an infection, a conventional doctor may prescribe an antibiotic to kill the invading bacteria. CAM practitioners, on the other hand, take a more "holistic" approach to health care. They believe that health and disease involve a complex interaction of physical, spiritual, mental, emotional, genetic, environmental, and social factors. In order to treat a disease or promote good health, CAM practitioners treat the whole person.

In the United States, this holistic approach to health has been labeled "alternative" for a variety of reasons. Sometimes it is difficult to scientifically test alternative therapies in the same way that prescription drugs are tested. The conventional medical community relies on scientific evidence when evaluating the safety and effectiveness of a particular therapy. And while researchers are now beginning to test CAM therapies, scientific studies have long been focused on conventional treatments, meaning there is more evidence as to whether they work or not. In addition, many non-Western healing practices are not taught in United States medical schools, available to patients in U.S. hospitals, or covered by health insurance.

What does complementary medicine and alternative medicine mean?

The terms "complementary medicine" and "alternative medicine" are sometimes used to mean the same thing, but they have different implications. Complementary medicine refers to therapies used in combination with conventional medicine, while alternative medicine is used in place of conventional medicine. An example of complementary medicine is using hypnotherapy (hypnosis) with pain medications to reduce anxiety and enhance relaxation in people recovering from severe burns. An example of alternative medicine would be following a special diet and taking herbs or vitamins rather than medications to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

What is integrative medicine?

The term "integrative medicine" is often used interchangeably with CAM, but it has a different meaning. Health care professionals who practice integrative medicine blend CAM therapies with mainstream medicine, rather than simply adding one complementary therapy (such as herbs) to a standard medical treatment. For example, an integrative treatment for Alzheimer's disease may include a combination of the following:

Prescription medications that increase certain brain chemicals
Antioxidants (such as vitamin E and ginkgo biloba )
Changes in lifestyle (such as walking programs and relaxation training) to reduce anxiety and improve behavior
Music therapy

More and more Americans are becoming familiar with integrative medicine. Studies have found that this blended approach to health care is safe and effective for a growing number of medical conditions.

What are the basic principles of CAM?

Although CAM therapies vary widely, several themes can be traced through them all:

The focus is on the whole person -- physical, emotional, social, and spiritual.
Prevention of illness is a primary concern.
Treatments are highly individualized.
Treatments are aimed at the causes of illness rather than at its symptoms.
Treatments are designed to support the natural healing processes of the body.

Who is using CAM?

The healing practices are increasingly being tested for effectiveness and safety in well-designed research studies. Once distant healing practices are becoming more common, and more Americans are turning to integrative medical care than ever before.

The movement toward integrative medicine in the United States has been prompted by a growing consumer demand for CAM services. A survey given to more than 31,000 U.S. adults found that nearly 70% of Americans have used at least one form of CAM therapy in their lifetime, making this "unconventional" medical approach one of the fastest growing sectors of American health care. In 2004 in the United States, 36% of adults were using some form of CAM. When megavitamin therapy and prayer specifically for health reasons were included in the definition of CAM, that number rose to 62%.

The survey also found that CAM approaches are most often used to treat back pain or problems, colds, neck pain or problems, joint pain or stiffness, and anxiety or depression. However, only about 12% of adults sought care from a licensed CAM practitioner, suggesting that most people who use CAM do so on their own. According to the survey, the 10 most commonly used CAM therapies and the percent of U.S. adults using each therapy were:

Prayer for own health, 43%
Prayer by others for the respondent's health, 24%
Natural products (such as herbs, other botanicals, and enzymes), 19%
Deep breathing exercises, 12%
Participation in prayer group for own health, 10%
Meditation, 8%
Chiropractic care, 8%
Yoga, 5%
Massage, 5%
Diet-based therapies (such as Atkins, Pritikin, Ornish, and Zone diets), 4%

The survey also found information about why people use CAM:

55% of adults said they believed that it would help them when combined with conventional medical treatments.
50% thought CAM would be interesting to try.
26% used CAM because a conventional medical professional suggested they try it.
13% used CAM because they felt that conventional medicine was too expensive.

Studies also report 41% of people who use CAM use two or more CAM therapies during the prior year. The highest rates of CAM use tend to be among people ages 40 - 64, females, non-black/non-Hispanic, and with annual income of $65,000 or higher.

Although herbs and supplements are not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, pharmacies across the country are seeing a surge in the demand for these alternative remedies. Pharmacists are being trained to counsel people on the safe and efficient use of CAM therapies. Most U.S. medical schools also now include instruction about CAM. More and more health insurance plans are also covering CAM, particularly treatments such as acupuncture and chiropractic, whose safety and effectiveness for treating certain health problems has been well researched. A study found that among the 600,000 enrollees in a particular health insurance plan, 13.7% made CAM claims. Of those, 1.3% made claims for acupuncture, compared with 1.6% for naturopathic medicine, 2.4% for massage, and 10.9% for chiropractic.

What are the major types of CAM?

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) classifies CAM therapies into 5 major groups:

Alternative medical systems: built upon complete systems of theory and practice. Examples include homeopathy, naturopathy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and Ayurveda.
Biological medicine: use of substances found in nature, such as herbs, foods, and vitamins to promote health.
Energy medicine: involves the use of energy fields to promote health. Some kinds of energy medicine (known as biofield therapies) aim to influence energy fields believed to surround and penetrate the human body. Examples include qi gong, Reiki, and Therapeutic Touch. Other forms of energy medicine (known as bioelectromagnetic-based medicine) use electromagnetic fields, such as electroacupuncture.
Manual medicine: based on manipulation and movement of one or more parts of the body. Examples include osteopathy, physical therapy, massage, chiropractic, Feldenkrais, and reflexology.
Mind-body medicine: uses a range of techniques that help boost the mind's ability to influence bodily functions. Examples include biofeedback, deep relaxation, guided imagery, hypnotherapy, meditation, prayer, support groups, and yoga.

What types of changes in policy are happening in order to incorporate CAM into the U.S. medical system?

In 1991, under a Congressional mandate, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) established the Office of Alternative Medicine (OAM). OAM was to evaluate CAM practices, support CAM research and training, and establish a CAM information clearinghouse for the public.

In 1998 Congress established the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) to take the place of the OAM. NCCAM's mission is to support CAM research and provide information to healthcare providers as well as the public. Among other efforts, NCCAM focuses on research that looks at the safety and effectiveness of herbs and nutritional supplements and how they might interact with medications. It also evaluates other CAM treatments such as acupuncture and chiropractic. NCCAM funds several research centers outside of the NIH. To learn more about the centers and their research agendas, visit NCCAM's web site at http://nccam.nih.gov/research.

What is the future of CAM?

There are signs that CAM is becoming accepted into mainstream medicine. For example, breakthroughs in CAM research are now published in prestigious Western peer-reviewed journals such as the Journal of the American Medical Association and the Annals of Internal Medicine. Still, there are real obstacles to truly integrated medicine. Some of these obstacles include cultural issues, lack of scientific studies, and administrative problems. However, because conventional doctors and CAM practitioners both want to create safe, effective, and affordable treatments, the integration of the best CAM into conventional medicine may not be worlds away.

Resources:

The following web sites are all available free of charge, without subscription.

Government sites:

FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition: Dietary Supplements

http://www.fda.gov/food/dietarysupplements/default.htm

National Cancer Institute: Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine (OCCAM)

http://www.cancer.gov/cam/

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)

http://nccam.nih.gov/

NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS)

http://ods.od.nih.gov/

Directories:

NOAH (New York Online Access to Health): Alternative Medicine Resources

www.noah-health.org/en/alternative/index.html

Rosenthal Center: Information Resources

http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/rosenthal/CAM.html

University of Pittsburgh: Alternative Medicine Homepage

www.pitt.edu/%7Ecbw/altm.html

Alternative Names:

Alternative medicine; Natural medicine; Holistic medicine

Reviewed last on: 9/20/2009
Steven D. Ehrlich, NMD, Solutions Acupuncture, a private practice specializing in complementary and alternative medicine, Phoenix, AZ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

References

Carlson MJ, Krahn G. Use of complementary and alternative medicine practitioners by people with physical disabilities: estimates from a National US Survey. Disabil Rehabil. 2006;28(8):505-13.

Chang FY, Lu CL. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome using complementary and alternative medicine. J Chin Med Assoc. 2009 Jun;72(6):294-300.

Cohen MH, Hrbek A, Davis RB, Schachter SC, Kemper KJ, Boyer EW, Eisenberg DM. Emerging credentialing practices, malpractice liability policies, and guidelines governing complementary and alternative medical practices and dietary supplement recommendations: a descriptive study of 19 integrative health care centers in the United States. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165(3):289-95.

Dorn SD, Kaptchuk TJ, Park JB, et al., A meta-analysis of the placebo response in complementary and alternative medicine trials of irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2007;19(8):630-7.

Evans M, Shaw A, Thompson EA, Falk S, Turton P, Thompson T, Sharp D. Decisions to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by male cancer patients: information-seeking roles and types of evidence used. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2007;7(1):25 [Epub ahead of print].

Fleming S, Rabago DP, Mundt MP, Fleming MF. CAM therapies among primary care patients using opioid therapy for chronic pain. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2007;7:15.

Hasan SS, Ahmed SI, Bukhari NI, Loon WC. Use of complementary and alternative medicine among patients with chronic diseases at outpatient clinics. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2009 Aug;15(3):152-7.

Hodgson DM, Nakamura T, Walker AK. Prophylactic role for complementary and alternative medicine in perinatal programming of adult health. Forsch Komplementarmed. 2007;14(2):92-101.

Kraft K. Complementary/Alternative Medicine in the context of prevention of disease and maintenance of health. Prev Med. 2009 May 22. [Epub ahead of print]

Lafferty WE, Tyree PT, Bellas AS, et al. Insurance coverage and subsequent utilization of complementary and alternative medicine providers. The American Journal of Managed Care 2006;12(7):397-404.

Lafferty WE, Tyree PT, Bellas AS, et al., Insurance coverage and subsequent utilization of complementary and alternative medicine providers. Am J Manag Care. 2006;12(7):397-404.

Lawrence DJ, Meeker WC. Chiropractic and CAM Utilization: A Descriptive Review. Chiropr Osteopat. 2007;15:2.

Leis A, Millard J. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and supportive care in cancer: a synopsis of research perspectives and contributions by an interdisciplinary team. Support Care Cancer. 2007; [Epub ahead of print].

Lind BK, Lafferty WE, Tyree PT, Diehr PK, Grembowski DE. Use of complementary and alternative medicine providers by fibromyalgia patients under insurance coverage. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57(1):71-6.

Manheimer E, Wieland S, Kimbrough E, Cheng K, Berman BM. Evidence from the Cochrane Collaboration for traditional Chinese medicine therapies. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Sep;15(9):1001-14.

Maizes V, Rakel D, Niemiec C. Integrative medicine and patient-centered care. Explore (NY). 2009 Sep-Oct;5(5):277-89.

McEachrane-Gross FP, Liebschutz JM, Berlowitz D. Use of selected complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments in veterans with cancer or chronic pain: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2006;6:34.

Modi AA, Wright EC, Seeff LB. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C: a review. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(3):285-95.

Moquin B, Blackman MR, Mitty E, Flores S. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Geriatr Nurs. 2009 May-Jun;30(3):196-203. Review.

Ortiz BI, Shields KM, Clauson KA, Clay PG. Complementary and alternative medicine use among Hispanics in the United States. Ann Pharmacother. 2007;41(6):994-1004.

Pelletier KR, Astin JA, Haskell WL. Current trends in the integration and reimbursement of complementary and alternative medicine by managed care organizations (MCOs) and insurance providers: 1998 update and cohort analysis. Am J Health Promot. 1999;14(20:125-133.

Pelletier KR, Astin JA. Integration and reimbursement of complementary and alternative medicine by managed care and insurance providers: 2000 update and cohort analysis. Altern Ther Health Med. 2002;8(1):38-39, 42, 44.

Pilkington K. Searching for CAM evidence: an evaluation of therapy-specific search strategies. J Altern ComplementMed. 2007;13(4):451-9.

Ribeiro MA, Harrigan RC. The use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine by Asian women of Hawai'i in the treatment of breast cancer. Hawaii Med J. 2006;65(7):198-205.

Sarnat RL, Winterstein J, Cambron JA. Clinical utilization and cost outcomes from an integrative medicine independent physician association: an additional 3-year update. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2007;30(4):263-9.

Tan G, Craine MH, Bair MJ, et al., Efficacy of selected complementary and alternative medicine interventions for chronic pain. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007;44(2):195-222.

Thomas KJ, Nicholl JP, Coleman P. Use and expenditure on complementary medicine in England : a population based survey. Comp Ther Med. 2001;9:2-11.

Tillisch K. Complementary and alternative medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. Clin Med. 2007;7(3):224-7.

Tindle HA, Davis RB, Phillips RS, Eisenberg DM. Trends in use of complementary and alternative medicine by US adults: 1997-2002. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005;11(1):42-9.

Winnick TA. Medical doctors and complementary and alternative medicine: the context of holistic practice. Health (London). 2006;10(2):149-73.

source: http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/an-introduction-000346.htm

Menyuburkan semangat 2012

2012-01-10T08:28:00.003+08:00

Health:
1. Drink plenty of water.
2. Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a beggar.
3. Eat more foods that grow on trees and plants and eat less food that is manufactured in plants..
4. Live with the 3 E's -- Energy, Enthusiasm and Empathy
5. Make time to pray.
6. Play more games
7. Read more books than you did in 2011 .
8. Sit in silence for at least 10 minutes each day
9. Sleep for at least 6 hours.
10. Take a 5-15 minutes walk daily. And while you walk, smile.

Personality:
11. Don't compare your life to others. You have no idea what their journey is all about.
12. Don't have negative thoughts or things you cannot control. Instead invest your energy in the positive present moment.
13. Don't over do. Keep your limits.
14. Don't take yourself so seriously. No one else does.
15. Don't waste your precious energy on gossip.
16. Dream more while you are awake
17. Envy is a waste of time. You already have all you need..
18. Forget issues of the past. Don't remind your partner with His/her mistakes of the past. That will ruin your present happiness.
19. Life is too short to waste time hating anyone. Don't hate others.
20. Make peace with your past so it won't spoil the present.
21. No one is in charge of your happiness except you.
22. Realize that life is a school and you are here to learn. Problems are simply part of the curriculum that appear and fade away like algebra class but the lessons you learn will last a lifetime.
23. Smile and laugh more.
24. You don't have to win every argument. Agree to disagree...

Society:
25. Call your family often if you are away from them.
26. Each day give something good to others.
27. Forgive everyone for everything.
28. Spend time w/ people over the age of 70 & under the age of 6.
29. Try to make at least three people smile each day.
30. What other people think of you is none of your business.
31. Your job won't take care of you when you are sick. Your friends will. Stay in touch.

Life:
32. Do the right thing!
33. Get rid of anything that isn't useful, beautiful or joyful.
34. Love has healing power.
35. However good or bad a situation is, it will change..
36. No matter how you feel, get up, dress up and show up.
37. The best is yet to come...
38. When you awake alive in the morning, be thankful for it.
39. Your Inner most is always happy. So, be happy.

BALA DARI BUMBUNG-BUMBUNG RUMAH

2011-12-15T08:56:00.001+08:00

Rancangan TV dan pelbagai lagi sumber hiburan seperti pemain video CD, radio, permainan komputer dan sebagainya adalah salah satu cara termudah untuk ramai di kalangan ibu bapa di mana-mana negara di seluruh dunia menenangkan dan mengawal anak-anak mereka. Tidak kiralah samada rancangan atau program yang disajikan berbentuk hiburan semata ataupun pengetahuan, TV dan pelbagai sumber media ini adalah cara yang paling efektif dan paling banyak digunakan oleh ibu bapa.

Dengan kesibukan ibu bapa pada hari ini, tidak hairanlah peranan TV dan media menjadi semakin penting dan tidak mampu diketepikan dalam proses penjagaan anak-anak. Anak-anak kita boleh duduk berjam-jam di hadapan komputer mahupun TV tanpa menganggu kita yang sudahpun kepenatan seharian bekerja.

TV adalah satu cara ‘escapism’ termudah ibu bapa untuk mengamankan rumah mereka dan mengurangkan ‘gangguan’ yang mampu dicetuskan oleh anak-anak di dalam rumah dan sememangnya satu bentuk ‘escapism’ untuk anak-anak juga yang keletihan seharian di sekolah dan ingin mencari sedikit hiburan yang lebih mudah.

TERDEDAH
Berdasarkan satu kajian yang dijalankan di Amerika Syarikat, 68% kanak-kanak sudah mula menonton TV seawal umur tidak mencapai 2 tahun dengan purata 1 ke 2 jam sehari setiap hari dan hampir 25% mempunyai set TV mereka sendiri di dalam bilik tidur masing-masing.

Penemuan ini juga disokong oleh Kaiser Family Foundation yang juga melaksanakan kajian mereka sendiri yang mana mendapati bahawa 2/3 dari kanak-kanak bawah 2 tahun menghabiskan purata 2 jam sehari di hadapan TV. Bagi kanak-kanak dan remaja dari umur 8 ke 18 tahun pula mereka didapati menghabiskan sehingga 4 jam sehari di hadapan TV dan 2 jam tambahan lagi bermain permainan komputer

Kajian yang dilakukan oleh Nielsen Media Research pula menunjukkan bahawa purata 3 jam sehari dihabiskan oleh anak-anak di hadapan TV. Ini tidak termasuk masa yang dihabiskan di hadapan media elektronik yang lain. Satu kajian pada tahun 1999 menunjukkan kanak-kanak menghabiskan lebih 6 jam sehari menghadap pelbagai jenis media elektronik ini. .

PANDANGAN PAKAR
Sejak tahun 1999, America Academic of Pediatrics (AAP), satu pertubuhan yang di anggota oleh pakar kanak-kanak di Amerika Syarikat telah mencadangkan supaya kanak-kanak di bawah umur 2 tahun tidak dibenarkan menonton TV atau apa-apa media sama sekali. Mereka juga mencadangkan supaya bagi kanak-kanak melebihi umur 2 tahun, mereka tidak seharusnya berada di hadapan TV melebihi 2 jam walaupun untuk rancangan yang berkualiti.

Malahan kerajaan Australia telah dicadangkan untuk mengharamkan terus penggunaan TV dan media elektronik lain untuk kanak-kanak bawah 2 tahun. LImiTV, satu pertubuhan yang memperjuangkan pengharaman TV pada anak-anak di Amerika mencadangkan pengharaman ini dilanjutkan sehingga umur 4 tahun

2 tahun pertama dalam hidup adalah dikira satu tempoh masa yang kritikal untuk perkembangan otak anak-anak kita. TV dan media elektronik sebenarnya mampu mengganggu gugat proses penjelajahan, bermain, berinteraksi dengan ibu bapa dan orang lain. Ia mampu mengganggu proses semulajadi ini yang bertujuan menggalakkan proses pembelajaran serta perkembangan fizikal dan kemajuan social anak-anak kita.
Apabila anak-anak kita semakin membesar, masa yang banyak dihabiskan di hadapan TV dan sebagainya akan mengganggu pelbagai lagi aktiviti yang sepatutnya dilakukan oleh anak-anak seperti bersenam dan beraktiviti, membaca, bermain dengan rakan sebaya dan menghabiskan masa dengan keluarga
Berdasarkan satu kertas kajian oleh Marie Evans Schmidt mendapati bahawa terlalu sedikit atau hampir tiada bukti langsung yang menunjukkan bahawa menonton TV mampu member kesan positif pada anak-anak bawah dua tahun namun hampir 30% ibu bapa percaya ia mampu membawa kebaikan. Ini berdasarkan pemahaman bahawa menonton rancangan TV dan video mampu mendidik anak-anak mereka dan baik untuk perkembangan otak anak-anak. Hampir 40% ibu bapa dengan anak-anak berumur bawah 6 tahun juga percaya menonton TV amat membantu dalam proses pembelajaran.

KESAN NEGATIF TV DAN MEDIA ELEKTRONIK
Kanak-kanak dan remaja adalah sangat mudah terpengaruh dengan pelbagai mesej yang cuba disampaikan melalui TV yang kemudiannya mempengaruhi persepsi dan perlakuan mereka. Kebanyakkan kanak-kanak tidak mampu membezakan antara yang benar dan yang tidak atau yang nyata atau fantasi. Kajian telah membuktikan bahawa media elektronik dan TV mampu member kesan pada perlakuan agresif dan melampau, perlakuan seks, pencapaian akademik, konsep tubuh badan yang sempurna dan imej diri, nutrisi, obesity dan penyalahgunaan bahan terlarang.

Masalah Pembelajaran dan Penumpuan
Dalam dekad 70an, Professor Werner Halperin pernah mengemukakan satu teori bahawa perubahan imej dan bunyi yang cepat di dalam TV dan media elektronik mampu membebankan system neurologi kanak-kanak dan boleh mengakibatkan masalah penumpuan pada masa akan datang. Dr Mathew Dumont dari Harvard Medical School juga mencadangkan bahawa perkara ini juga menyebabkan anak-anak di luar sedar meniru kecepatan dan kelajuan rancangan di dalam TV yang akhirnya menyebabkan masalah ADHD.
Pada April 2004, Dr Dimitri Christakis, seorang pakar yang banyak membuat kajian mengenai perkara ini mendapati bahawa anak-anak yang terdedah dengan media elektronik seawal umur 1 hingga 3 tahun mempunyai hubungkait dengan masalah kurang daya tumpuan pada umur 7 tahun. Di dalam kajian ini mereka mendapati anak-anak ini menonton purata 2 jam pada umur 1 tahun dan lebih 3 jam di umur 3 tahun. Menonton sehingga 5 jam sehari mampu meningkatkan sehingga 28% kemungkinan untuk mengalami masalah tumpuan pada umur 7 tahun.

Setiap jam yang dihabiskan mampu meningkatkan sehingga 10% kemungkinan menghadapi masalah ini. Harus diingatkan juga bahawa di dalam kajian yang dilakukan oleh beliau, tiada data mengenai jenis rancangan yang dilihat oleh anak-anak ini direkodkan.
Satu lagi analisis yang dijalankan berdasarkan data yang diperolehi dari National Longitudinal Survey of Youth- Child pada tahun 1986 menunjukkan bahawa setiap pertambahan satu jam dalam menonton TV pada umur di bawah 3 tahun boleh menyebabkan penurunan dari segi prestasi anak-anak dalam proses pembacaan dan pemahaman di umur 6 tahun.

Satu lagi kajian pula menunjukkan bahawa penurunan prestasi sehingga 17 mata dalam MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventory bagi setiap pertambahan satu jam masa yang digunakan oleh anak-anak lingkungan umur 8 ke 16 bulan habiskan untuk menonton rancangan DVD atau video yang kononnya khas untuk mereka.

Insiden Keganasan, Perlakuan Melampau dan Penyalahgunaan Bahan Terlarang
Kanak-kanak yang terdedah dengan rancangan berbentuk ganas seperti gusti, perang dan pembunuhan mempunyai kemungkinan yang lebih besar untuk menunjukkan perangai yang agresif dan p[ada masa yang sama mempunyai pandangan bahawa dunia ini adalah satu tempat yang menakutkan dan sesuatu yang buruk bakal menimpa mereka.

Dalam kajian saintifik mengenai keganasan di dalam media, hubungkait di antara keganasan media dan perangai agresif dalam kehidupan sebenar telah banyak dibuktikan. Dianggarkan sebanyak 10% hingga 20 % dari kes keganasan boleh dihubungkan dengan keganasan media. Dalam satu kajian yang baru diselesaikan di Amerika, National Television Violence Study mendapati bahawa hampir 2/3 rancangan media mengandungi unsur keganasan di mana rancangan untuk sajian kanak-kanak didapati mempunyai kandungan keganasan yang tertinggi dbandingkan dengan rancangan untuk peringkat umur yang lain.

Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa keganasan digambarkan sebagai sesuatu yang glamor. Lebih teruk lagi, banyak insidens keganasan yang dilakukan di dalam TV dibiarkan tanpa hukuman. Sebagai contoh seorang hero yang membunuh berpuluh-puluh orang tidak pula dihukum kerana keganasan yang dilakukannya manakala orang jahat dibiarkan selamat untuk melakukan pelbagai jenis kejahatan tanpa ada sesiapa mampu menyekatnya.

Kajian juga menunjukkan 25% dari video musi dalam MTV menunjukkan unsur keganasan melampau dan penggunaan senjata. Pelbagai kajian telah menunjukkan bahawa berita di TV juga mampu menimbulkan trauma pada kanak-kanak dan menyebabkan mimpi buruk. 37% kanak-kanak dari umur 6 tahun ke 12 tahun juga didapati telah ditakutkan dengan pelbagai bentuk rancangan di dalam TV yang boleh mengakibatkan perasaan yang tidak selamat di dalam kehidupan mereka.

Karakter di dalam TV juga seringkali menggambarkan perlakuan-perlakuan yang tidak baik seperti merokok, minum arak dan pelbagai lagi perlakuan membahaya yang lain. Berdasarkan kajian menunjukkan bahawa rancangan TV mengandungi kandungan yang tinggi dalam menunjukkan perlakuan yang negative seperti di atas. 25% dari video music di dalam MTV mempunyai perlakuan ini. Dalam satu kajian jangka panjang menunjukkan bahawa ada hubungkait positif di antara menonton dan melaksanakan perlakuan-perlakuan negative ini di kalangan remaja.

Lebih buruk lagi kanak-kanak dan remaja kita dihidangkan dengan pelbagai jenis rancangan yang menunjukkan perlakuan, imaginasi seksual dan pemakaian yang sangat provokatif yang mampu membentuk persepsi anak-anak ini dan juga boleh mngakibatkan tanggapan yang salah mengenai perlakuan yang tidak boleh diterima oleh agama mahupun budaya kita.
Di Negara kita tidak ada kurangnya dengan lambakan cerita berunsur tahyul yang melampau dan mempromosikan budaya hidup keduniaan yang tidak berbatas.

Masalah Kegemukan, Diabetes dan Masalah Kesihatan yang Lain
Kanak-kanak yang menghabiskan sekurang-kurangnya 4 jam sehari untuk menonton TV mempunyai kemungkinan besar menghadapi masalah kegemukkan. Di Amerika Syarikat sahaja, bilangan kanak-kanak dan remaja yang mempunyai masalah kegemukkan dan obesity telah menigkat sebanyak dua kali ganda dalam masa 20 tahun. Ini juga melibatkan kanak-kanak di bawah umur 5 tahun. Beberapa kajian mengaitkan masalah ini dengan aktiviti menonton TV dimana aktiviti ini didapati menyebabkan anak-anak kurang melakukan aktiviti fizikal dan terdedah dengan pelbagai iklan yang menggalakkan penggunaan makanan dan produk yang tidak berkhasiat.
Didapati juga bahawa salah satu predictor terpenting fenomena kegemukkan di kalangan kanak-kanak ialah Tv di dalam bilik tidur. 85% dari kanak-kanak yang menghidapi masalah diabetes juga adalah obes. Masalah jantung, darah tinggi, kolesterol, depresi dan rendah jatidiri juga dikaitkan dengan masalah kegemukan ini. Kajian juga mendapati bahawa kemungkinan untuk masalah ini kekal sehingga dewasa adalah kira-kira 20% pada kanak-kanak berumur 4 tahun dan 80% di kalangan remaja.

Kesihatan Emosi dan Kecekapan Manual
James Stayer melaporkan bahawa kebanyakkan iklan diolah sebegitu rupa sehingga menimbulkan satu perasaan dalam jiwa kanak-kanak ini yang mereka adalah seorang yang tidak berguna atau ketinggalan zaman sekiranya tidak membeli apa yang diiklankan di TV. Kanak-kanak mempunyai jiwa yang sangat sensitif serta mudah terpengaruh dan iklan di TV diolah untuk mengambil peluang ke atas kelemahan ini. Pendekatan ini telah dikritik hebat oleh ramai ahli psikologi kerana menggunakan kelemahan dalam diri anak-anak sebagai satu senjata melariskan barangan atau produk mereka.

Secara purata, kanak-kanak menonton hampir 40 ribu iklan setahun. Di samping mampu mengganggu pembentukkan jati diri dan keyakinan mereka, iklan ini juga mampu menyumbang kepada masalah kesihatan yang lain di mana kanak-kanak dengan mudah terpengaruh dengan iklan produk makanan yang tidak berkhasiat.

Endangered Minds oleh James Healy mendapati bahawa lebih ramai kanak-kanak pada zaman ini tidak mempunyai kecekapan tangan yang baik dalam menulis dan menggunakan peralatan. Ini dinisbahkan sebagai satu masalah yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya penggunaan tangan dalam hidup anak-anak ini semasa proses pembesaran kerana mereka kurang bermain dan melakukan aktiviti yang memerlukan kemahiran tangan.

CADANGAN UNTUK IBU BAPA
Cadangan-cadangan ini diolah terus dari cadangan yang disarankan oleh AAP melalui laman sesawang mereka. Cadangan yang diolah dalam bentuk poin ini sememangnya praktikal untuk ibu bapa di rumah. Ia lebih mudah dilakukan berbanding untuk menyarankan kepada kerajaan untuk melaksanakan pelbagai sekatan kerana ianya pasti akan mengambil masa yang lama dan ianya tidak akan berkesan sekiranya tiada iltizam dari ibu bapa. Cadangan adalah seperti berikut:

1. Menetapkan limitasi kepada penggunaan apa jua jenis media elektronik kepada anak-anak kepada tidak lebih dari 2 jam sehari untuk kanak-kanak lebih dua tahun

2. Benarkan hanya untuk program yang berkualiti sahaja dan alihkan TV atau apa jua jenis media elektronik dari bilik tidur anak anda.

3. Elakkan dari anak-anak berumur kurang dua tahun dari menonton TV dan galakkan aktiviti-aktiviti yang lebih interaktif bagi membantu perkembangan otak mereka seperti bersembang, menyanyi dan membaca bersama.

4. Awasi jenis rancangan yang ditonton oleh anak anda. Pastikan program yang ditonton Cuma yang berbentuk informative, pembelajaran dan tiada unsure keganasan

5. Tonton rancangan TV dan VCD bersama dengan anak-anak anda dan bincang mengenai apa yang mereka tonton bersama.

6. Sekiranya mereka terdedah dengan iklan/promosi atau cerita yang kontroversi, gunakan ia sebagai batu loncatan untuk membincangkan isu seperti nilai kekeluargaan, keganasan, seks dan dadah

7. Gunakan penggunaan video secara bijak

8. Berikan sokongan sepenuhnya untuk program yang berbentuk kesedaran mengenai kepentingan pembelajaran melalui media

9. Galakkan anak-anak untuk terlibat dalam aktiviti yang menyeronokkan seperti membaca, membentuk hobi dan sebagainya.

Semoga artikel ini mampu membantu anda dalam mengubah paradigm pendidikan anak-anak kita.

Sumber: http://hidupkita75.blogspot.com/2011/12/bala-dari-bumbung-bumbung-rumah.html

Arwah Prof Syed Mohsin

2011-11-08T08:34:00.000+08:00

INTRODUCTION

First Visit
I visited Professor Syed Mohsin bin Syed Sahil Jamalullail at his home in Kampung Huda, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan earlier in this evening, Sunday, 23 October 2011. I interviewed him from approximately 5.30 pm to 6.30 pm over fragrant chrysanthemum tea and cream puffs. Prof Syed Mohsin or "Tuan Syed" as I call him, is an authority on the Syed story in Penang (and maybe too in Malaysia & Singapore). I have always resorted to him for anything that has to do with Arabs and things Arabic. I first came to know him when I first started working as a lecturer at USM. He was already a lecturer and was also one of the 5 founders of the USM Medical School, then based in Penang. He was teaching Pharmacology to the first, second, third and fourth batches of medical students in UKM. The present Director-General (DG) was his student; the present DG was in the second batch of medical students at UKM.

The information below was obtained from Prof Syed Mohsin at the first visit on 23 October 2011, at his home in Kg Huda, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan.

Professor Syed Mohsin bin Syed Sahil Jamalullail

Almarhum Prof Syed Mohsin (1951-2011)

Prof Syed Mohsin is popularly known as Tuan Syed or Prof Syed.

Prof Syed Mohsin was born in Batu Uban, Penang on Independence day, 31 August 1951.

He passed away on Sunday, 6 November 2011, which coincides with the first day of Aidiladha celebrations, 10 Zulhijjah 1432 Hijrah. He died in Kubang Kerian, Kelantan. He was buried at Kubur Demit in Kubang Kerian, Kelantan.

Prof Syed previously worked with UKM Medical School before he was seconded to USM Medical School. He was one of the 5 founding lecturers of the USM Medical School in 1979. At the time he was known as Tuan Syed as he was the only lecturer with a Syed name. He became a full professor at USM, for which he was called Prof Syed. (Another Syed lecturer in O&G was Prof Syed Abdullah who returned from UK.)

Prof Syed's father is Syed Sahil who died in 2010 and is buried at Masjid Arau in Arau, Perlis. I met Syed Sahil at Prof Syed's second child's wedding at Kg Huda.

Prof Syed's mother is Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi. She is still alive, aged 80. She lives in Jitra, Kedah. I met her at the first tahlil on 7 November 2011, day after Tuan Syed passed away.

Sharifah Mariam's half-sister is ________?, whose daughter is Dr Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Aidid.

Prof Syed Mohsin and Dr Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Aidid are cousins (sepupu).

Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi married to Syed Sahil Jamalullail. They have 8 children, 4 sons and 4 daughters.

Prof Syed Mohsin has 8 siblings. He is #3:
1. Syed Omar Syed Sahil
2. Sharifah Zahrah Syed Sahil
3. Syed Mohsin Syed Sahil (31 August 1951-6 November 2011)
4. Sharifah Sakinah Syed Sahil
5. Sharifah Alwiah Syed Sahil
6. Syed Mohamad Syed Sahil
7.Syed Haizar Syed Sahil
8. Sharifah Azizah Syed Sahil

Prof Syed Mohsin is married to Puan Hasnah bt Ishak. They are blessed with 7 children.

Prof Syed's children are:-
1. Syed Hazman - architect
2. Syed Muhammad Hilmi - petroleum engineer with Exxon Mobile.
3. Dr Syed Hasanul Hadi - trained by PCM & Sheffield; training as surgeon in Medical School.
4. Sharifah Muna Maisara - a schoolteacher in Sabah (munamohsin@gmail.com)
5. Syed Muhammad Husni - composes songs (prefers art)
6. Syed Muhammad Harith - Diploma in Mechatronics; technician; works with Samsung in Senawang.
7. Syed Muhammad Hafizuddin - was at Poly; now in PJ

Photos of first visit, 23 October 2011:

From left: Myself, Puan Hasnah, Prof Syed Mohsin, Affandi and Lukmanul Hakim (Tuan Syed's grandson). Photographed at Tuan Syed's home in Kg Huda, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 23 Oct 2011 by Sharifah Muna Maisarah (Tuan Syed's only daughter).

Kak Hasnah, Muna and Lokmanul Hakim

Kak Hasnah, Lokamnul Hakim, Affandi Hussien and Prof Syed Mohsin

Kak Hasnah, Affandi Hussien and Prof Syed Mohsin

Prof Syed Mohsin and Affandi Hussien

Prof Syed Mohsin and me, 23 Oct 2011.

Prof Syed Mohsin's home in Kg Huda, 23 Oct 2011.

Sharifah Zahrah bt Syed Sahil Jamalullail
Sharifah Zahrah is Prof Syed Mohsin's sister (sib #2). She is married to Syed Ahmad and they had lived in Jelutong. However, he was in the army and moved to Perlis where he worked in the sugarcane field. Syed Ahmad died at age 67. He has 4 children:-
1. Syed Omar
2. Syed Hafiz
3. Sharifah Noor
4. ? = architect

Syed Omar
Syed Omar is in KL. He is retired and receives pension. He was the former Accountant-General. He married the younger sister of Syed Razak, ex-MB Kedah. Which Syed Omar?

Syed Razak
Syed Razak bin Syed Zain Barakhbah was MB Kedah for 6 years (11 Dec 1999-22 Dec 2005). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Menteris_Besar_of_Kedah

Syed Razak is related to Dr Mustafa bin Osman, an early Malay doctor (TEMD). How?

Syed Razak's younger sister married to Syed Omar.

Who is Hajah Sharifah Maznah Syed Kassim Barakbah?

Dr Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Aidid

I had worked with Dr Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Aidid in USM Penang when she was the Chairman of the Women's Club and I was Treasurer.
Her sister Sharifah Hasnah worked at the USM Medical School when I joined as lecturer.
I had visited Dr Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Aidid at their family home in Ayer Itam when her father (Syed Aidid) passed away in 1982/3. The house is a big bungalow next to Shell Ayer Itam.

Dr Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Aidid has 5 siblings:-
1. Syed Muhammad Aidid - he has 3 children
2. Sharifah Rahmah bt Syed Aidid
3. Sharifah Noor bt Syed Aidid - lives in Ayer Itam; she had no children
4. Syed Abdullah Aidid - his mother lives in Alor Setar

Professor Syed Abdullah Al-Qudri
The suffix Al-Quds refers to Palestine. Prof Syed Abdullah was in O&G in UK before joining USM Medical School. He first married a Caucasian Canadian. He remarried a young lady.

Syed Alwi al-Hadi
Syed Alwi al-Hadi was the eldest son of Syed Sheikh and the father of Dr SMA Alhady, an early Malay doctor. Syed Alwi al-Hadi married many ladies.

Contacts
1. Abang Syed Muhammad
He lives in Arau, Perlis. He would have more information.

2. Tok Kalthom
She lives in Batu Uban. She would have a lot of information. She is 80 years old.
She is the cousin of Prof Syed Mohsin's mother.
She is related to Sheikh Abdul Aziz bin Sheikh Muhammad (Ami Aziz).

What is Al-Khaiyat?

Second Visit
I received an SMS from Tengku Damitri of Tuan Syed sudden demise after he died and after he was buried, around Maghrib. I visited Kak Hasnah and family at home after solat Isya' today, 7 November 2011. The area was wet after the rain and pools of water could be seen. Affandi parked our car far away and we walked to the house. There were many cars parked by the road on the right shoulder. When I arrived in the house compound, they were already reading Surah Yaasin. I used my own buku doa Mathurat. I started sneezing in the cold night. After all the bacaan al-Quran and doa, the men exited and went for refreshment outside. My husband and I and the other ladies then entered the house. I went to find Kak Hasnah. I met Kak Hasnah and the other family members. It was the first time I met everyone in a large gathering. It was a sad gathering but it was a good learning experience for me. There were many Arab men and ladies in the house. I knew nobody except the ones I met at the first visit - Muna. Muna remembered me as she took our photos at the first visit. Then I sat next to a beautiful lady whom I never knew. I was introduced to her by Siti Salamah, alaso an Arab. I was introduced to Tuan Syed's mother for the first time. She is a dear lady and I think every woman must try to meet her and talk to her. She is Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi (80 years). She asked me who I am and we started talking to see how we could be related. I talked mostly to Siti Salamah for my family links to Tuan Syed. I will therefore update information obtained from my first visit.

The information below was obtained from Siti Salamah, Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi and Sharifah Alwiah Syed Sahil, day after Prof Syed Mohsin passed away, at the first tahlil on 7 November 2011, at his home in Kg Huda, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan.

Photos of second visit, 7 November 2011:

Sharifah Muna Maisara (Prof Syed's only daughter) and Siti Salamah bt Sk. Mohammed

Sharifah Muna Maisara, Siti Salamah bt Sk. Mohammed and me

Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi (Prof Syed's mother, 80, lives in Jitra) and Sharifah Alwiah Syed Sahil (Prof Syed's sister, sib #5, lecturer UiTM Shah Alam)

Puan Hasnah bt Ishak (left) and Sharifah ______(?) bt Syed Aidid (in white baju kurung).

Tuan Haji Ishak, father of Puan Hasnah, Prof Syed's father-in-law. He recalls history from the time of Konfrantasi. He lives in KL.

From left: man in white shirt with kopiah, man with songkok, Syed Haizar Syed Sahil (Prof Syed's brother, sib #7, yellow shirt), Affandi Hussain (jubah putih), man in blue striped shirt (husband of Siti Salamah bt Sk. Mohammed, who knows about Ami Aziz Al-Yamani of Jelutong. Ami Aziz of Jelutong owned the foreign car business at Jalan Anson, Penang.) Link to Ami Aziz of Penang

From left: Dr Syed Mohamad Syed Sahil (Prof Syed's brother, sib #6, dark blue shirt), man in white shirt & white kopiah, man with songkok, Syed Haizar Syed Sahil (sib #7) and Affandi Hussain.

Associate Professor Sharifah Alwiah Syed Sahil
Lecturer
Faculty of Art and Design
Universiti Teknologi MARA
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Tel: 03-5544 4057
H/P: 019-387 2578
Fax: 03-5544 4011
E-mail: syedsahilshari@yahoo.com

Dr Syed Mohamad Syed Sahil
Director Business Development
H/P: 019-3877 313
E-mail: smsahil191@gmail.com
Alfa Inter Services Sdn Bhd
No 9 Jalan Putra Permai 10/2E
Seksyen 10, Putra Height, Subang Jaya
47650 Selangor
Tel: 603-5191 0991
Fax: 603-5191 0992
alfais@streamyx.com

Mohd Hussain Khaiyath has 2 daughters:
1. Siti Noor
2. Siti Rogayah

Siti Noor bt Mohd Hussain Khaiyath has 2 children:
1. Sharifah Mariam (Prof Syed's mother)
2. Syed Mohd

Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi has 8 children (Prof Syed's mother).

Siti Rogayah bt Mohd Hussain Khaiyath has 2 children:
1. Siti Kalsom
2. Mohd Salleh

Siti Kalsom has 2 children:
1. Sk. Abdul Aziz
2. Siti Salamah

Mohd Salleh has 3 children:
1. Sharul Nizam
2. Sabarina
3. Siti Wahidah

Sk. Abdul Aziz married to ____________?

Siti Salamah bt Sk. Mohammed is married to __________ ? Her mother is Siti Kalsom. Her aunt is Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi. Her husband is ____________ ?

Siti Kalsom is Siti Salamah's mother. She is the cousin of Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi (Prof Syed's mother). Her mother is Siti Rogayah bt Mohd Hussain Khaiyath. Her mother and Sharifah Mariam's mother are sisters.

MALACCA LINK
This piece of information comes from Siti Salamah bt Sk. Mohammed, Sharifah Alwiah Syed Sahil and Sharifah Mariam bt Syed Alwi.

Abdul Rashid Makawi married to Siti Seha. Siti Seha is called "Su Seha". They have 2 children:
1. Wan Teh
2. Siti Rahmah

Wan Teh had 2 children:
1. Siti Kalsom
2. Mohd Salleh

Siti Rahmah married to Abdul Aziz Al-Yamani (he was called Ami Aziz) who owned a foreign car business at Jalan Anson in Penang. They have 3 children:
1. Fatmah
2. Abdul Latiff
3. Abdul Rashid

Fatma has 6 children:
1. Syed Mohd
2. Sharifah Mahani
3. Syed Ali
4. Syed Mansor
5. Syed Yussuf
6. Syed Abdullah

Abdul Latiff has 3 children:
1. Najib
2. Nawal
3. Najwa

Please download photos for private use only.

Source: http://theearlymalaydoctors.blogspot.com/2011/10/arabs-in-penang.html

World's first 'halal whisky' made without alcohol goes on sale in time for party season

2011-11-08T08:32:00.000+08:00

New: ArKay, the world's first alcohol-free whisky, will be sold worldwide from December 1

The whisky distillers of Scotland are in revolt over an ‘alcohol free’ creation.

ArKay (pictured) is being promoted as delivering the ‘exceptional taste of whisky without the alcohol content’ and ideal for teetotallers or those worried about drinking and driving.

Significantly, it has been declared as Halal certified, which opens up the possibility of huge sales around the globe in Muslim countries and the Middle East.

However, a spokesman for the Scotch Whisky Association said: ‘It is not possible to make alcohol-free whisky.

This company is trying to exploit whisky’s reputation with highly irresponsible marketing.’

Real Scotch whisky is a simple creation of water and barley, which grows well in the cool climate and summer rains that are common north of the border.

Each distillery’s unique taste is delivered by the way the barley is dried, often in peat kilns, together with the way the whisky is carefully aged over many years, often in oak casks.

More...

ArKay, made by a Florida-based company called Scottish Spirits Ltd and apparently produced in factories in Panama, has a water base to which a variety of chemicals, flavours and colourings are added.

It is due to go on sale around the world on December 1. In Britain it will cost £10 a bottle and £4 for a can.

Solution: If people stick to drinking the world's first alcohol-free whisky over the festive period then they need not worry about suffering from a nasty hangover

A spokesman for ArKay said: 'The exceptional taste of whisky without the alcohol content makes it a perfect beverage day or night.

'ArKay has zero per cent alcohol and it is designed to allow individuals with medical conditions or with religious beliefs that prohibit alcohol consumption, to drink.

'Imagine being able to enjoy your favorite whisky drink at parties without worrying about drinking and driving.

'ArKay tastes and looks exactly like traditional whisky. It is suitable for drinking straight-up, on the rocks, or with your favourite mixers.'

Newborn babies' stress levels DOUBLE if they're put in cots

2011-11-08T08:30:00.000+08:00

Babies' stress levels double if they are put in a cot straight after being born, a study has revealed.

Separating infants from their mothers at night makes them far less likely to sleep, claim scientists from South Africa.

The research showed the practice of putting newborns in nearby cots to give their mothers some rest after labour can cause distress, revealed the Daily Telegraph.

Keen for company: Separating infants from their parents at birth makes it much harder for them to sleep, according to the study

Babies are also separated from their mothers if they are premature or in need of medical attention, while worries over cot death stop many parents sleeping with their newborn children.

Scientists at the University of Cape Town looked at the effect of early separation by monitoring the heart rates of two-day-old babies when they were alone in a cot or being nursed by their mothers skin to skin.

More...

The results, published in Biological Psychiatry, reportedly showed that stress levels among babies rose 176 per cent when they were alone, and that they were 86 per cent less likely to sleep soundly.

Researchers separated newborn animals from their mothers to monitor stress levels.

They are planning further research to see whether early separation has long-term effects on the health and development of newborns, said the newspaper.

Dr Barak Morgan, the author of the study, said: 'It is standard practice in a hospital setting, particularly among Western cultures, to separate mothers and their newborns.

Lonely nights: Many babies sleep away from their mothers at birth for because they are premature, or because of fears over cot death

'Separation is also common for babies under medical distress or premature babies, who may be placed in an incubator.

'In addition, the experts specifically recommend against co-sleeping with an infant, due to its association with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, or SIDS.

'This research addresses a strange contradiction: in animal research, separation from the mother is a common way of creating stress in order to study its damaging effects on the developing newborn brain.

'At the same time, separation of human newborns is common practice, particularly when specialised medical care is required, such as incubator care.

'Skin-to-skin contact with the mother removes this contradiction, and our results are a first step towards understanding exactly why babies do better when nursed in skin-to-skin contact with mother, compared to incubator care.'

Dr John Krystal, the editor of Biological Psychiatry, said: 'This paper highlights the profound impact of maternal separation on the infant.

'We knew that this was stressful, but the current study suggests that this is a major physiologic stressor for the infant.'

Source:http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2057426/Babies-stress-levels-DOUBLE-theyre-straight-cot-birth.html#ixzz1cnBoBBE9

Suntikan vitamin C dan botox

2011-10-09T07:53:00.001+08:00

| Print |

http://ilmudanulamak.blogspot.com

Soalan: ASSALAMUALAIKUM USTAZ, Saya ada sedikit kemusykilan tentang hukum menyuntik vitamin C pada permukaan kulit wajah dengan tujuan menghilangkan parut muka. Adakah ianya sama dengan suntikan botox? Bagaimana pula dengan pekerja yang menyuntik vitamin tersebut? Harap ustaz dapat memberikan penjelasan, terima kasih.

Jawapan:

Membuat perubahan yang bersifat kekal pada badan (melalui suntikan, pembedahan atau sebagainya), jika tujuannya adalah untuk membaiki kecacatan pada badan (supaya ia kembali kepada keadaan normalnya atau kepada rupa biasanya), ia diharuskan dengan syarat bahan yang digunakan adalah halal/suci dan tidak menyebabkan mudarat yang lebih besar dari kecacatan yang sedia ada itu.
Adapun jika tujuannya semata-mata kecantikan, ia dilarang kerana termasuk dalam mengubah ciptaan Allah dan melakukan pembaziran tanpa perlu. Sabda Nabi –sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam-; “Allah melaknat perempuan-perempuan yang membuat tatu dan yang meminta dibuat tatu pada badannya, perempuan-perempuan yang minta dicukur alis (bulu keningnya) dan perempuan-perempuan yang menjarangkan giginya untuk kelihatan cantik iaitu perempuan-perempuan yang merubah ciptaan Allah”. (Riwayat Imam Bukhari dan Muslim dari Abdullah bin Mas’ud r.a.)
Imam Nawawi semasa mensyarahkan hadis di atas, beliau menegaskan; sabda Nabi s.a.w. “perempuan-perempuan yang menjarangkan giginya untuk kelihatan cantik” menunjukkan bahawa yang diharamkan ialah bagi orang-orang yang melakukan perkara tersebut (yakni mengubah gigi) untuk tujuan kecantikan semata-mata. Adapun kerana keperluan iaitu untuk mengubati atau untuk membaiki kecacatan pada gigi dan seumpamanya, maka diharuskan”. (Syarah Soheh Muslim, juz. 14, Kitab al-Libas Wa az-Zinah).
Kesimpulannya, menyuntik vitamin C, Botox atau sebagainya jika tujuannya adalah untuk membaiki kecacatan di kulit atau badan (seperti parut yang menjelekkan pada pandangan orang lain dan menyukarkan penampilan diri), diharuskan dengan syarat-syarat tadi. Adapun hanya semata-mata untuk menghias diri seperti supaya kulit kelihatan lebih tegang, nampak lebih muda dan sebagainya, tidak harus kerana ia mengubah ciptaan Allah, melakukan pembaziran tanpa perlu dan mungkin juga menyebabkan pemalsuan/penipuan (jika membabitkan orang lain).

Mengenai pekerjaan menyuntik vitamin tersebut, ia kembali kepada tujuan tadi. Jika pusat rawatan menjalankan rawatan mengikut skop yang diharuskan oleh Syariat Islam, haruslah seorang muslim berkerja di situ. Jika ia menjalankan rawatan hanya mengikut kehendak pelanggan, tanpa mengambil berat ketetapan Syariat, tidak harus seorang muslim berkerja di situ kerana gaji/upahnya berlegar di antara haram dan syubhah.

Tambahan:

1. Adapun berusaha mengekal kemudaan dan kecantikan kulit dengan pemakanan (herba atau sebagainya), ia diharuskan kerana usaha itu melalui proses semulajadi tubuh, bukan dengan melakukan sesuatu untuk mengubah ciptaan Allah. Disyaratkan makanan itu halal dan tidak memudaratkan.
2. Begitu juga diharuskan bahan-bahan kosmetik yang bersifat luaran seperti bedak, krim dan sebagainya kerana sekalipun berlaku perubahan pada kulit, ia bukan bersifat kekal di mana ia akan tertanggal atau boleh ditanggalkan. Maka ia mengambil hukum mewarnai rambut, bercelak dan berinai yang diharuskan dengan nas Syarak. Namun disyaratkan bahan-bahan kosmetik itu suci dan tidak memudaratkan tubuh/kulit.
Wallahu a’lam.

PROFESOR DATO’ OMAR NAIB CANSELOR USM

2011-10-06T09:16:00.001+08:00

Saya mengucapkan tahniah kepada Prof Dato' Dr Omar Osman atas perlantikan sebagai VC baru USM. Semoga kepimpinan beliau akan terus membawa penduduk USM berjaya dunia & akhirat
-------------------------

Profesor Dato’ Dr. Omar Osman, 53, dilantik sebagai Naib Canselor Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) untuk tempoh 3 tahun berkuatkuasa dari 28 September 2011 hingga 27 September 2014.

Menteri Pengajian Tinggi, Dato’ Seri Mohamed Khaled Noordin telah menyampaikan watikah pelantikan beliau di pejabatnya di Putrajaya hari ini.

Omar yang sebelum ini adalah Timbalan Naib Canselor (Hal Ehwal dan Pembangunan Pelajar) menggantikan Prof. Tan Sri. Dato’ Dzulkifli Abdul Razak yang telah menerajui USM selama 11 tahun sejak Disember 2000.

Mengulas pemilihannya sebagai Naib Canselor, Omar berkata, beliau amat berbesar hati dan tidak menyangka dirinya diberi kepercayaan untuk memimpin USM.

“Saya yakin dengan cara USM ditadbir sejak sekian lama iaitu dengan mementingkan kerjasama berpasukan dan amalan itu akan diteruskan dan dipertingkat dari semasa ke semasa untuk meneruskan kecemerlangan USM bersama-sama dengan seluruh warga universiti.

``Kepimpinan USM juga akan menyambung kesinambungan hala tuju universiti dengan agenda kelestarian serta transformasi pengajian tinggi,’’ katanya.

Tambah beliau, USM juga akan meneruskan agenda untuk mencipta nama di persada dunia dengan menggembleng bakat dan potensi dalam kalangan ahli akademik, pentadbir dan juga para pelajar.

Beliau turut mengagumi kecemerlangan Prof. Tan Sri Dato’ Dzulkifli Abdul Razak dan melihatnya sebagai ikon pemimpin dalam transformasi pengajian tinggi serta berpendapat rekod yang dicapai oleh beliau sukar untuk ditandingi.

``Bagi pihak seluruh warga USM, kami amat berterima kasih di atas perkhidmatan cemerlang beliau dan mengharapkan Prof. Tan Sri akan terus memberikan sumbangan kepada universiti dan negara khususnya untuk memastikan program transformasi pengajian tinggi negara akan tercapai,’’ katanya.

Omar memegang jawatan sebagai TNCHEP, sejak Mac 2007, selain pernah menjawat jawatan Pengarah Bahagian Pembangunan Lestari dan Korporat, USM dari 2005-2007 dan Penggawa Desasiswa Cahaya, USM (1990-1996).

Beliau yang dilahirkan pada tanggal 2 September 1958 terlibat secara langsung dalam perancangan untuk membolehkan USM menjalani Program Pemacuan untuk Kecemerlangan (APEX) pada tahun 2008.Anak kelahiran Pulau Pinang itu memulakan kerjayanya di USM pada tahun 1989 sebagai pensyarah bidang Pengurusan Projek di Pusat Pengajian Perumahan Bangunan dan Perancangan (PBP) USM.

Beliau berkelulusan dalam bidang ukur bahan, pengurusan pembinaan dan pengurusan projek dan mempunyai ijazah sarjana muda ukur bahan, sarjana pengurusan pembinaan dan ijazah kedoktoran dalam bidang pengurusan projek, dari universiti-universiti di United Kingdom.

Omar dinaikkan pangkat ke Profesor Madya pada tahun 1994. Pada Oktober 2008 pula, beliau dinaikkan pangkat ke Profesor di dalam bidang Pengurusan Projek dan masih mengajar dan menyelia pelajar di Pusat Pengajian PBP sehingga kini.

Omar berpengalaman luas di dalam bidang pengurusan dan pengurusan projek dan pernah juga berkhidmat di Kementerian Pendidikan dari tahun 2000-2004 sebagai pengawai khas kepada Menteri Pendidikan Malaysia di dalam bidang pengurusan dan perancangan fizikal pendidikan.

Beliau juga mempunyai pengalaman luas dalam pelbagai lapangan termasuk menjadi Pengarah Gantian METEOR Sdn. Bhd. [Open University Malaysia] (2006-7), Pengerusi Majlis Sukan Universiti Malaysia (MASUM 2008-2009), Pengerusi ASEAN University Sports Council (AUSC, 2007 hingga kini), Timbalan Pengerusi Sekretariat Timbalan Naib Canselor (bermula 2010) dan Pengerusi Sekretariat IMT-GT University Carnival (2009-2011).

Beliau juga adalah Pengerusi untuk Projek Agenda Kritikal (CAPS), Pelan Strategik Pendidikan Tinggi Negara (PSPTN) untuk bidang Pembangunan Holistik Pelajar (HSD) dan Program Perpindahan Ilmu (KTP). Beliau juga adalah ahli Majlis Profesor Negara.

Bidang penyelidikannya sekarang ialah Pendidikan Untuk Pembangunan Lestari dan Aspek-Aspek Kelestarian Dalam Organisasi dan pernah mendapat geran penyelidikan dari dalam dan luar negara.

Beliau juga turut bertanggungjawab untuk mewujudkan Pusat Kepakaran Serantau Pendidikan Untuk Pembangunan Lestari di USM yang dinamakan RCE Penang, iaitu satu daripada tujuh pusat kepakaran serantau dalam bidang ini di dunia.

Beliau juga aktif dalam bidang penulisan dan antara buku terakhir yang diterbitkan ialah dalam bidang Pendidikan untuk Pembangunan Lestari, Pengurusan Pembinaan dan Emerging Governance and Economic Issues in Construction Industry in Malaysia.

Beliau juga telah dianugerahkan pingat Bintang Cemerlang Negeri (BCN), Pulau Pinang (2009), Darjah Dato’ Setia Paduka Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin Jamalullail (DSPJ), Perlis (2010) serta Anugerah Tokoh Sukan MASUM (2010).

Read about beginnings of neuroscience through the eyes of Nobel Prize winner Eric Kandel, and how researchers today envision the future of the field.

2011-10-05T14:20:00.001+08:00

Neuroscience

Interview: Speaking of Memory

By Edyta Zielinska | October 1, 2011

Sixty-four years ago, inspired by cell and molecular biologists who studied complex questions in the simplest available model systems, neuroscientist Eric Kandel bucked then-current trends in brain research by choosing to explore memory using an evolutionarily ancient organism, rather than human subjects.

Kandel began his career in neuroscience studying cells in the human hippocampus, which had been identified as the seat of memory formation by Brenda Milner from McGill University, but he soon realized that it would take a long time to tease apart memory in such a complex system. He shifted his focus to the sea slug Aplysia, a model in which the neural pathway of a simple reflex could be delineated. Aplysia only has 20,000 neurons, and many of them are so large and distinctive that they had been named and their functions identified. Kandel worked out the neural circuitry that was established during learning and memory, and examined what molecular changes occurred in the cells of that circuit. By taking this reductionist approach, considered radical at the time, Kandel set an example for scientists who would use Aplysia and other model organisms to trace the circuits responsible for many different behaviors. His approach netted him a share of a 2000 Nobel Prize for insights into signal transduction in the nervous system. Here Kandel reminisces about his early days in the field, discusses the evolution of cognitive neuroscience, and shares his thoughts on love.

What was neuroscience like when you started working in the field?

When I started in the field, it was a minority science that very few biologists were interested in because it was technically quite arcane. The two major tools for brain science were anatomy, which most people found boring, and electricity, which most people found incomprehensible. So that combination was enough to put off most biologists. But now everybody and his uncle want to work on the brain. The number of people applying to graduate schools, MD/PhD programs, is really extraordinary. It’s a big change.

How has the field changed from then until now?

When I entered the field in 1957, it was a very small and very primitive discipline. One of the characteristic features was that its three main subdisciplines—the anatomy of the brain, the biochemistry of the brain, and the physiology of the brain—were all separate fields. One of the early strides forward occurred when Harvard’s Stephen Kuffler launched the field of neurobiology, a discipline that combined all three of them into a coherent whole.

The second step forward was the bringing together of neurobiology and psychology—the science of the brain and the science of the mind—into cognitive neuroscience. We did the first experiments on a simple level doing this in terms of Aplysia, where we combined behavioral and cellular analyses. But people were beginning to do this in flies, in rats, and in monkeys—more complicated organisms.

And a final step in the evolution of field was the merger of molecular biology and cognitive neuroscience, to develop a new science of the mind—a new approach to thinking about the brain and its mental functioning.

I think the major change that has occurred during my career is the fact that people no longer study the nervous system simply as a set of abstract subsystems, without recourse to behavior. They now almost invariably study the nervous system in relationship to one or another behavior. And the realization on the part of psychologists, most of whom, of course, were there and knew this, that all mental processes come from the brain and that neuroscience and psychology are really different sides of the same coin.

What were the biggest obstacles you faced?

For the longest time psychiatry was heavily influenced by psychoanalysis. And psychoanalysis has a lot of strengths, but doing basic research is not one of them. So in psychiatry, when I was a resident, we were discouraged from doing science. I was an exception in being allowed to do it because I had done science before. But the official policy was, “You learn best from your patients. You don’t learn that much from science.” There were some professors who held the view that there are two kinds of people: people who like people, and people who like science. I thought this was the most absurd position in the world.

Did others in the field think that you wouldn’t find anything when you turned to Aplysia?

Yes, and that I was wasting my time. There was a hierarchical system in neurobiology, and working in invertebrate animals was not looked upon favorably, except in a very special case: the squid giant axon. People thought that the mammalian brain was what you had to understand and that behavioral and learning principles would not apply across species. And that was wrong. Giving up my work in the mammalian brain to go work on invertebrates, they thought, was a major step backwards. It proved for me to be a step in the right direction.

Are there unanswerable questions in neuroscience; ones that should be left to philosophers and poets?

I see no reason to believe that science can’t solve, in a meaningful way, all the problems of the brain. At least there is no impediment that has occurred so far. Who’s to know what will emerge 50 to 100 years from now. But for the foreseeable future I think it’s our lack of ingenuity that is limiting, not the intrinsic difficulties; the problems are difficult—but not insurmountable.

Even love?

The biology of love? Well, it depends on what level you want to call love. Love will always have features that, moment to moment, would not be understood. But the principles underlying love, I think we will understand. Why specific people fall in love with one another—one can probably even now define certain ground rules. But I think there’ll always be magic to life, even though science explains a great deal.

Eric Kandel is a professor at Columbia University in New York, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Senior Investigator.

Source: Email

Wear make-up and look more competent - but too much and you'll seem dishonest

2011-10-05T08:43:00.000+08:00

Wear make-up and look more competent - but too much and you'll seem dishonest

By Daisy Dumas

Last updated at 6:35 PM on 4th October 2011

As many women can testify, there's a fine line between pretty and scary when it comes to make-up.

Now, scientists have shown that not only does the right amount of cosmetics make all the difference when it comes to beauty, but it also affects judgements of competence and trustworthiness.

For all of their positive effects on looking and feeling good, large amounts of make-up soon start to negatively impact on the way people perceive an individual's honesty.

Bit of slap: Make-up makes people look more beautiful and competent, but negatively affects judgements of trustworthiness. Images used by the scientists show models wearing no make-up, left, and increasing amounts as we move to the right

In the study, funded by Procter & Gamble, scientists at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston University and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute asked participants to rate various looks in terms of competence, likeability, attractiveness and trustworthiness.

Pictures of women wearing no make-up, and looking 'natural', 'professional,' and 'glamorous,' were shown to volunteers for different lengths of time.

When shown the images for just 250milliseconds, all ratings went up with the amount of make-up, says the report, published by Plosone.org.

However, when study participants were allowed to take in the pictures at length, the results changed significantly.

Nancy Etcoff, the study's lead author and associate researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital told ABC news that 'we found that when faces were shown very quickly, all ratings went up with cosmetics in all different looks.'

'The women were judged as more competent, likeable, attractive and trustworthy.'

Not just a pretty face: When viewed very quickly, all faces were deemed more competent and trustworthy with make-up, but given time to look at the pictures, participants found cosmetics affected honesty

The eyes have it: So automatic are responses to contrasting facial features, enhanced by make-up, that even babies react to made up faces

Given more than just a glimpse of the images, participants showed that beauty and competence went up, but trustworthiness - or honesty - soon suffered as cosmetic looks became heavier.

'When they got to the more dramatic make-up looks, people saw them as equally likeable and much more attractive and competent, but less trustworthy,' comments Etcoff to the news site.

'Dramatic make-up was no longer an advantage compared to when people saw the photos very quickly.'

As time pressure will affect automatic judgements, the authors point out that the results may have a bearing upon the way women should approach photos for ballots, job applications and dating sites.

So automatic, in fact, is the response, that it is with us from the very start of our lives.

'When they got to the more dramatic make-up looks, people saw them as much more attractive, but less trustworthy'

Tiffany Field, a research professor at the University of Miami's Miller School of Medicine told ABC: 'This phenomenon is present from birth. Even newborns and young infants have a preference for attractive faces.'

'One of the most discriminating features is the contrast effect,' she says, which is heightened as make-up is added.

'The eyes are drawn out, the eyebrows and lips are in greater contrast. That's probably why newborns and infants can show a preference,' she says.

Of course, points out Ann Kearney-Cooke, director of the Cincinnati Psychotherapy Institute, beauty is not simply about make-up. 'There are other ways to feel beautiful,' she told the site.

'Your warmth, confidence and energy attract others to you. There's nothing more attractive than a confident woman with a voice of her own, with her own style that comfortable in her own skin.'

Seminar Keluarga Bahagia, Interaktif Bersama Prof Dr Muhaya Mohamad‏

2011-09-25T08:30:00.002+08:00

assalamualaikum wrbt

Pendidikan bermula daripada rumah dan ibu bapa merupakan role-model kepada anak-anak di dalam sesebuah keluarga. Manusia yang cemerlang lahir daripada sebuah keluarga yang cemerlang. Keluarga yang cemerlang pula bermula dengan suami isteri yang cemerlang yang seterusnya menjadi ibu bapa yang cemerlang.

Dari Abu Hurairah, Rasulullah saw bersabda;

“Setiap anak dilahirkan dalam keadaan fitrah (suci yakni muslim). Kedua-dua orang tuanyalah yang menjadikan dia Yahudi, Nasrani atau Majusi.” (Bukhari)

Menurut Imam Al-Ghazali pula, anak adalah seperti sebutir batu permata yang belum digilap. Ibu bapalah yang akan mencanai dan menggilapnya sehingga menjadi berlian yang indah dan berkilauan.

Atas kesedaran ini, Pertubuhan Amal Perubatan Ibnu Sina Malaysia (PAPISMA) merangka program tahunan khusus dalam memberi panduan kepada pasangan suami isteri yang baru melayari bahtera rumah tangga mahupun ibu bapa yang telah mempunyai anak-anak, mengenai teknik-teknik serta tips-tips untuk membentuk sebuah keluarga yang bahagia, dan seterusnya melahirkan sebuah komuniti masyarakat yang harmoni dan sejahtera.

Penampilan istimewa Prof Dr Muhaya Mohamad ke bumi serambi mekah ini akan menghangatkan lagi perkongsian ilmu serta motivasi kepada para peserta dalam mengharungi kehidupan berkeluarga, untuk menjadikan keluarga masing-masing sebagai keluarga yang solehah, bahagia di dunia dan lebih penting bahagia sehingga ke akhirat.

Butiran program adalah seperti berikut:

Program : Seminar Keluarga Bahagia, Interaktif Bersama Prof Dr Muhaya Mohamad

Tarikh : 22 Oktober 2011

Masa : 8.30pg-2.00ptg

Tempat : Dewan Utama Balai Islam Lundang, Kota Bharu Kelantan

Yuran : rm 80 individu / rm150 pasangan

Terhad kepada 300 yang Terawal !!!

kepada yang berminat, boleh lah menghubungi Syakir 019-9009321, atau Dr. Nik Azrizie : 012-9524247.

terima kasih.